Case study Library Management System

In this article Case study based on a Library Management System we covers various aspects like Functional Requirements, Functional Dependencies, ER Diagram, Normalization etc. It is useful for DBMS, software engineering and system analysis.

Case study based on a Library Management System:

Which covers various aspects like Functional Requirements, Functional Dependencies, ER Diagram, Normalization etc. It is useful for DBMS, software engineering and system analysis.

Library Management System – Case Study

1. Problem Statement:

A college or university wants to digitally manage its library so that:

• Book information should be properly maintained.
• Membership can be managed.
• Record of book issue / return can be maintained.
• Fine and late returns can be tracked.

2. Stakeholders:

• Librarian – Add, issue, track returns of books.
• Students/Faculty – search, issue books.
• Admin – Create user accounts, generate reports.

3. Functional Requirements:
4. Adding/deleting new books.
5. Issuance and return of Kitab.
6. User Registration and Login.
7. Check the availability of the book.
8. Fine calculate (on late return).
9. Generate reports – like overdue books, issued books etc.

Tables and Attributes:

Books

Field Type

BookID (PK) Integer

Title Varchar

Author Varchar

Publisher Varchar

Year Integer

ISBN Varchar

TotalCopies Integer

Available Integer

Members

Field Type

MemberID (PK) Integer

Name Varchar

Email Varchar

Contact Varchar

MemberType Enum(Student, Faculty)

IssueRecords

Field Type

IssueID (PK) Integer

BookID (FK) Integer

MemberID (FK) Integer

IssueDate Date

DueDate Date

ReturnDate Date

Fine Decimal

Functional Dependencies:

1. BookID → Title, Author, Publisher, Year, ISBN

(BookID uniquely determines all book details)

2. MemberID → Name, Email, Contact, MemberType

(Each member has a unique ID)

3. IssueID → BookID, MemberID, IssueDate, DueDate, ReturnDate, Fine
4. (BookID, MemberID) → IssueDate, DueDate

(A book issued to a member gives issue & due dates)

Normalization Steps:

All tables are in 3NF:

• No partial dependency.
• No transitive dependency.
• Each non-key attribute is dependent on the entire primary key only.

ER Diagram Components:

• Entities:

o Book, Member, IssueRecord

Relationships:

o Issues (between Member and Book)

• Attributes:

o Primary keys and descriptive fields

Use Case Diagram Summary:

Actor Use Cases

Student – Search book, Issue, Return

Librarian – Add books, Issue books, Reports

Admin – Manage members, Manage fines

Challenges & Solutions:

Challenge                                           Solution

Duplicate issue                                entries Unique IssueID, proper validation

Book availability                             tracking Available column in Books table

Late return fine calculation          Use ReturnDate – DueDate logic

Data inconsistency                         Use foreign keys and normalization

Scope for Extensions:

• Online Book Reservation
• Barcode Integration
• SMS/Email Alerts for Due Dates
• Mobile App Access

Conclusion:

The Library System Case Study is a comprehensive example that demonstrates the basic concepts of DBMS like Functional Dependencies, ER Modeling, Normalization, and System Design in practical form.

POP- Introduction to Programming Using ‘C’

DS – Data structure Using C

OOP – Object Oriented Programming 

Java Programming

DBMS – Database Management System

RDBMS – Relational Database Management System

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